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In recent years, a new type of double-layered containment structure of nuclear power plant has been built in China, named ACP1000 NNP. This paper aims to propose a new method to mitigate the seismic responses of this type of the structure.

The new base isolation structure (BIS)- tuned mass damper (TMD) structure was proposed and implemented only by modifying the connection between various components of NPPs, and the application of this concept design in ACP1000 was skillfully realized.

The new structure adopts the combination of structural form and function, adopts appropriate amplification of the seismic response of the secondary component, possesses advantages in explicit damping mechanism, good damping effect, robustness of seismic structures, simple implementation process, etc., and meets the special seismic safety requirements of the NPPs.

This seismic and hazard mitigation and BIS-TMD structure can avoid the risk of ACP1000 accidents caused by horizontal earthquakes.

An inter-story isolation structure (IIS) for AP1000 nuclear power plants (NPPs) is provided to resolve the conflict of seismic safety and the optimal location of air intakes.

The effect of passive cooling system (PCS) is better with lower altitude of air intakes than that in the original design of AP1000 NPPs. Seismic performances of IIS NPPs, including the seismic responses, damping frequency bandwidth and seismic reduction robustness, are improved by combining the position of air intakes lower and the optimal design method.

Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are illustrated that the seismic reduction failure of IIS NPPs is the lowest probability of occurrence when PCS has highest working efficiency.

The IIS NPPs can transfer the contradiction between PCS work efficiency and seismic safety of NPPs to the mutual promotion of them.

Digital technologies over time are becoming increasingly pervasive and relatively affordable, finding a large diffusion in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) also for internationalization purposes. However, less is known about the specific mechanisms by which this can be achieved. Specifically, we focus on how SMEs can face the international environment, leveraging digital technologies and thanks to their intellectual capital (IC).

We analyze the relationship between digital technologies and the internationalization of SMEs, exploring the mediating role of IC in its three dimensions: human, relational and innovation capital, and assessing the possible moderating effects posed by international institutional conditions, specifically the Sino-US trade frictions. The relationships are tested using a sample of companies listed on China’s A-share Growth Enterprise Market (GEM) from 2010 to 2021.

Digital technologies help to internationalize SMEs. However, this positive relationship is affected (mediated) by the presence of an already consolidated IC. In addition, the institutional conditions of the international market, such as the Sino-US trade friction, moderate the components of IC differently. Specifically, the overall mediating effect of human and relational capital is boosted, while this does not happen for innovation capital.

First, this study contributes to the literature on organizational resilience, especially digital resilience, confirming its validity in the context of internationalization and, in particular, those processes adopted by SMEs. Second, we clarify the mechanisms through which digital technologies exert their impact on the process of internationalization and in particular the prominent necessity of having IC. Third, our conclusions enrich the understanding of how IC components react to turbulence in international markets.

This paper investigates how a regulator pursuing social welfare maximization designs an optimal subsidy scheme to stimulate technology innovation in the presence of a consumer green premium. Specifically, the authors solve the following questions: (1) Does the consumers' green premium affect the design of the subsidy scheme? (2) How should the firm choose a green technology innovation strategy under the optimal subsidy scheme? (3) Does technology innovation bring higher social welfare and lower environmental impact?

The authors first develop a game model to explore the impact of subsidy schemes on social welfare without considering technology innovation. Then the authors investigate two innovation strategies, in-house innovation and external introduction, under the optimal subsidy scheme. Finally, they illustrate the optimal choices of innovation strategy for the firm, consumers and regulators.

The results reveal that the subsidy scheme will not always increase social welfare, which depends on the environmental improvement coefficient of the unit green level. The optimal subsidy level increases with the green premium, but it is not related to the size of the consumer green segment. Moreover, the success rate of in-house innovation will raise the optimal green level, but the company benefits from an increased success rate of in-house innovation only when the green segment is large enough. The green segment size and external green level jointly determine the choice of technology innovation strategy.

This research is the first to analyze this problem while considering the green demand and subsidy scheme simultaneously as drivers of a firm's technology innovation, thereby providing new managerial implications for decisions by the regulator and firms.

This paper aims to understand the influence of cylinder liner temperature on friction power loss of piston skirts and the synergistic effect of cylinder liner temperature on lubrication and heat transfer between piston skirt and cylinder liner.

A method to calculate the influence of cylinder liner temperature on piston skirt lubrication is proposed. The lubrication is calculated by considering the different temperature distribution of the cylinder liner and corresponding piston temperature calculated by a new multilayer thermal resistance model. This model uses the inner surface temperature of the cylinder liner as the starting point, and the starting temperature corresponding to different positions of the piston is calculated using the time integral average. Besides, the transient heat transfer of mixed lubrication is taken into account. Six temperature distribution schemes of cylinder liner are designed.

Six temperature distributions of cylinder liner are designed, and the maximum friction loss is reduced by 34.4% compared with the original engine. The increase in temperature in the second part of the cylinder liner will lead to an increase in friction power loss. The increase of temperature in the third part of the cylinder liner will lead to a decrease in friction power loss. The influence of temperature change in the third part of the cylinder liner on friction power loss is greater than that in the second part.

The influence of different temperature distribution of cylinder liner on the lubrication and friction of piston skirt cylinder liner connection was simulated.